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321.
近千年全球温度变化研究的新进展 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
结合国内外有关研究,综合评述了美国国家科学院国家研究理事会的报告 --"近两千年地面温度的重建"。重点介绍了气候变暖的新证据,3个特征时期即20世纪气候变暖、小冰期（LIA）、中世纪暖期（MWP）和近千年温度变化模拟的结果。 相似文献
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A new seasonal and annual dataset describing Arctic sea ice extents for 1901–2015 was constructed by individually re-calibrating sea ice data sources from the three Arctic regions (North American, Nordic and Siberian) using the corresponding surface air temperature trends for the pre-satellite era (1901–1978), so that the strong relationship between seasonal sea ice extent and surface air temperature observed for the satellite era (1979-present) also applies to the pre-satellite era. According to this new dataset, the recent period of Arctic sea ice retreat since the 1970s followed a period of sea ice growth after the mid-1940s, which in turn followed a period of sea ice retreat after the 1910s. Arctic sea ice is a key component of the Arctic hydrological cycle, through both its freshwater storage role and its influence on oceanic and atmospheric circulation. Therefore, these new insights have significance for our understanding of Arctic hydrology.
EDITOR D. KoutsoyiannisASSOCIATE EDITOR not assigned 相似文献
324.
第27届国际大地测量与地球物理学术会议暨庆祝国际大地测量与地球物理联合会成立100周年活动于2019年7月8～18日在加拿大蒙特利尔召开。会议举办了各学科研讨会、联合研讨会和交叉学科研讨会,有关专家阐述了在地震学和地球物理学领域的关于地球深部结构探测、地外行星探测、地震预警等方面的研究进展,并开展了改选理事会、颁发奖励、评选会士等一系列活动。 相似文献
325.
Long-term global emission scenarios enable the analysis of future climate change, impacts, and response strategies by providing insight into possible future developments and linking these different climate research elements. Such scenarios play a crucial role in the climate change literature informing the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Assessment Reports (ARs) and support policymakers. This article reviews the evolution of emission scenarios, since 1990, by focusing on scenario critiques and responses as published in the literature. We focus on the issues raised in the critiques and the possible impact on scenario development. The critique (280) focuses on four areas: 1) key scenario assumptions (40%), 2) the emissions range covered by the scenarios and missing scenarios (25%), 3) methodological issues (24%), and 4) the policy relevance and handling of uncertainty (11%). Scenario critiques have become increasingly influential since 2000. Some areas of critique have decreased or become less prominent (probability, development process, convergence assumptions, and economic metrics). Other areas have become more dominant over time (e.g., policy relevance & implications of scenarios, transparency, Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) assumptions, missing scenarios). Several changes have been made in developing scenarios and their content that respond to the critique. 相似文献
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